Health Disparities and Culturally Competent Care
1. Health disparities – differences in the incidence, prevalence, mortality rate, and burden of disease that exist among specific population groups because of social, economic or environmental disadvantages 2. Health equity – achieved when every person has the opportunity to attain his or her health potential and no one is disadvantaged 3. Factors leading to health disparities

a. Ethnicity and race – subjective and based on self-report; social context and experiences influence peoples decision about which category they identify with i. Ethnic and race categories may differ on a person’s birth and death certificate ii. Ethnic minorities have benefited far less from drastic improvements in treatments that prolong life and improve quality of life iii. African American men – less likely to be offered interventions for cardiovascular disease 1. They are three times more likely to die from heart disease compared to whites iv. Hispanic women – less likely to have mammography for breast cancer screening b. Place and health – refers to geographic and environmental location where a person is born, grows, lives, works and ages i. Rural populations – need to travel long distances to receive health care and may be considered “medically underserved”; people living in rural areas have higher rates of cancer, heart di...

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