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A Dictionary of
Prefixes, Suffixes, and Combining Forms
from
Webster s Third New International Dictionary, Unabridged
2002
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Abbreviations in This Work
The abbreviations in this list are regularized to one style without periods, although they may appear with periods in context, depending on whether printed in roman type or italics. abl acc act adj adv AF Alb alter anat aor Arm Av biol bot cgs chem comb. form conj contr crystallog D Dan dat dial dim E esp F fem fr freq fut G gen geol Gk Gmc Goth Hitt IE imit indic interj IrGael irreg ISV It ital L LGk lit Lith LL masc ablative accusative active adjective adverb Anglo-French Albanian alteration anatomy aorist Armenian Avestan biology botany centimeter-gram-second chemistry combining form conjunction contraction crystallography Dutch Danish dative dialect diminutive English especially French feminine from frequentative future German genitive geology Greek Germanic Gothic Hittite Indo-European imitative indicative interjection Irish Gaelic irregular International Scientific Vocabulary Italian italic Latin Late Greek literally Lithuanian Late Latin masculine MD ME med MF MGk MHG MIr ML modif n neut NL nom n pl obs OE OF OFris OHG OIr OL ON OPer OProv OPruss orig OS OScan OSlav OW part perh pers Pg pl prep pres prob pron Russ Sc sing Skt Sp specif superl Sw Toch A Turk usu var vb VL W Middle Dutch Middle English medicine Middle French Middle Greek Middle High German Middle Irish Medieval Latin modification noun neuter New Latin nominative noun plural obsolete Old English Old French Old Frisian Old High German Old Irish Old Latin Old Norse Old Persian Ool Proven al Old Prussian originally Old Saxon Old Scandinavian Old Slavic Old Welsh participle perhaps person Portuguese plural preposition present probably pronoun Russian Scots singular Sanskrit Spanish specifically superlative Swedish Tocharian A Turkish usually variant verb Vulgar Latin Welsh
Prefixes, Suffixes, and Combining Forms
from
Webster s Third New International Dictionary
a- prefix ME, fr. OE a-, an, on 1 : on : in : at abed afoot asunder sometimes used in dialect speech in locutions not found in standard he did it a-purpose 2 : in such a state or condition afire asleep often used with with acrawl with ants 3 : in such a manner aloud 4 : in the act of : in the process of daddy s gone a-hunting months later the ship was still a-building a- or an- prefix L Gk L a-, an-, fr. Gk more at - : not : without achromatic asexual used chiefly with words of Gk or L origin a- before consonants other than h and sometimes even before h, an- before vowels and usu. before h ahistorical anesthesia anhydrous -a- combining form ISV : replacing carbon esp. in a ring in initial combining forms as second constituent after a first constituent designating a chemical element arsa- aza-a n suffix - NL, prob. fr. originally nonsignificant -a in magnesia, fr. ML -a in magnesia, alchemical substance , fr. Gk -a, - in magn sia, magn si , alchemical substance, magnet , fr. nom. sing. fem. adjectival ending corresponding to nom. sing. masc. -os and nom. sing. neut. -on : oxide ceria lanthana thoria ab- prefix ME, fr. OF L OF, fr. L, fr. ab from 1 : from : departing from abnormal 2 : away : outside of abenteric ab- prefix absolute used for a cgs electromagnetic unit abampere abhenry abdomin- or abdomino- combining form L abdomin-, abdomen : abdomen : abdominal abdominalgia abdominoperineal abdominocardiac -ability also -ibility n suffix ME -ablete, -abilite, -iblete, -ibilite, fr. MF -ableté, -abilité, -ibleté, -ibilité, fr. L -abilitas, -ibilitas, fr. -abilis, -ibilis + -tas -ty : capacity, fitness, or tendency to act or be acted on in a specified way ensilability washability abio- combining form a- + bio- : whatever is lifeless abiogenesis -able also -ible adj suffix ME, fr. OF, fr. L -abilis, -ibilis, fr. -a-, -i- thematic vowels of various conjugations of verbs + -bilis capable or worthy of being acted upon 1 : capable of, fit for, or worthy of being so acted upon or toward chiefly in adjectives derived from verbs breakable connectible eatable lovable 2 : tending to, given to, favoring, causing, able to, or liable to agreeable changeable knowledgeable peaceable perishable -ableness n suffix -ably also -ibly adv suffix -ac n suffix - Gk -akos of or relating to, var. of -ikos -ic after noun stems ending in i : one affected with hemophiliac nostalgiac acanth- or acantho- combining form NL, fr. Gk akanth-, akantho-, fr. akantha akin to ON gn awn : thorn : spine acanthocarpous Acanthophis -acanthus n combining form NL, fr. Gk akantha thorn : animal having such a spine or such or so many spines Cephalacanthus Ctenacanthus in generic names esp. of fishes acar- or acari- or acaro- combining form NL, fr. Acarus : mite acaroid acaricide ace- combining form ISV, fr. acetic : acetic acenaphthene specif : related to acenaphthene aceanthrene -ace n combining form - LGk ak point : apex having so many faces heptace tessarace -acea n pl suffix NL, fr. L, neut. pl. of -aceus -aceous : animals characterized by : animals of the nature of Cetacea Crustacea in names of zoological divisions larger than a genus, esp. orders and classes -aceae n pl suffix NL, fr. L, fem. pl. of -aceus -aceous : plants of the nature of Acanthaceae Rosaceae in names of families of plants formerly in names of orders of plants -acean adj suffix NL -acea, -aceae + E -an : rosacean -acean n suffix - : organism characterized by : organism of the nature of crustacean rosacean in singular corresponding to plurals in -acea, -aceae acenaphth- or acenaphtho- combining form ISV, fr. acenaphthene : acenaphthene : acenaphthylene acenaphthophenanthrene -acene n suffix - ISV, fr. anthracene : aromatic polycyclic hydrocarbon containing three or more fused benzene rings in straight linear sequence naphthacene -aceous adj suffix L -aceus : characterized by arenaceous argillaceous : of the nature of herbaceous : belonging to or connected with a division of animals characterized by or of the nature of cetaceous crustaceous : belonging to or connected with a family of plants of the nature of solanaceous often in adjectives corresponding to biological classification names in -acea, -aceae acet- or aceto- combining form F L F acét-, fr. L acet-, fr. acetum vinegar : acetic acid : acetic : acetyl acetaldehyde acetamide acetobenzoic achro- or achro - combining form Gk achroos, fr. a- a- + -chroos colored more at : colorless achrodextrin achro cyst achromat- or achromato- combining form Gk achr matos colorless, fr. a- a- + -chr matos colored, fr. chr mat-, chr ma color : achromatic achromaturia : something achromatic achromatolysis acou- or acouo- combining form F acou-, fr. Gk akouein to hear : hearing : listening acoumeter acouophonia -acousia or -acusia n combining form, pl -acousiae or -acusiae NL, fr. Gk akousis fr. akouein to hear + -sis + NL -ia : hearing presbyacousia hyperacusia acr- or acro- also akr- or akro- combining form MF or Gk MF acro-, fr. Gk akr-, akro-, fr. akros topmost, extreme akin to Gk akm point 1 : beginning : end : tip acrology 2 a : top : peak : summit acropetal acrocephaly b : height acrophobia c : extremity of the body, esp. the human body acrocyanosis acromio- combining form NL, fr. acromion : acromial and acromiodeltoid acromiosternal -act adj combining form Gk aktis ray more at : having such or so many rays polyact tetract in terms applied to sponge spicules -act n combining form - : one having such or so many rays hexact triact in names of sponge spicules actin- or actini- or actino- combining form NL actin- ray, fr. Gk aktin-, aktino-, fr. aktin-, aktis akin to OE hte morning twilight, OHG hta, ON tta, Goth htwo, Skt aktu light, night, L noct-, nox night 1 a : having a radiated structure Actinopoda Actinomyces b : actinian actiniform Actinozoa 2 a : actinic actinautography b : of, relating to, or caused by actinic radiation as X rays actinotherapy -actinal adj combining form Gk aktin-, aktis ray + E -al :-actine adj combining form Gk aktin-, aktis : having such or so many rays discoactine pentactine esp. in terms applied to sponge spicules actinio- combining form Actinia : actinian actiniochrome actiniohematin acu- combining form ML, fr. L acu, abl. of acus needle akin to L acies edge : with a needle acupuncture
acutiacuti- combining form ML, fr. L acutus : sharp-pointed acutifoliate : sharply angled acutiplantar acuto- combining form acute : acute and acuto-grave : acutely acuto-nodose ad- or ac- or af- or ag- or al- or ap- or as- or at- prefix ad- fr. ME, fr. L, fr. ad ac- fr. ME, fr. OF, fr. L, fr. ad af- fr. ME, fr. OF, fr. L, fr. ad ag- fr. ME, fr. MF, fr. L, fr. ad al- fr. ME, fr. MF, fr. L, fr. ad ap- fr. ME, fr. MF, fr. L, fr. ad as- fr. ME, fr. OF, fr. L, fr. ad at- fr. ME, fr. OF, fr. L, fr. ad 1 : to : toward usu. ac- before c, k, or q acculturation and afbefore f afformative and ag- before g aggradation and albefore l allineation and ap- before p appersonation and as- before s asself and at- before t attune and ad- before other sounds adnominal adverbial but sometimes adeven before one of the listed consonants adpronominal 2 : near : adjacent to in this sense always in the form adadoral adrenal -ad n suffix - MF L MF -ade, fr. L -ad-, -as, fr. Gk -ad-, -as, fem. suffix denoting descent from or connection with 1 a : period of time quinquenniad b : group, aggregate, or unit of so many parts quintad c : element, atom, or radical having such or so great a chemical valence artiad perissad dyad 2 : epic of : poem celebrating Columbiad 3 prob. fr. NL -ad-, -as used as final element in botanical genus names , fr. Gk : member of such a botanical group magnoliad moringad 4 : kind of plant or animal produced by or associated with ecad variad -adic adj suffix -ad adv suffix L ad biol : in the direction of : toward : cephalad ventrad -ade n suffix - ME, fr. MF, fr. OProv -ada, fr. LL -ata, fr. L, fem. of -atus -ate 1 : act : action blockade 2 a : product jamrosade b : sweet drink orangeade adel- or adelo- combining form NL, fr. Gk ad l, ad lo- unseen, fr. ad los, fr. a- a- + d los visible, evident akin to OE t tan to gladden, OHG zeiz dear, ON teitr glad, Skt d deti he shines, L dies day : concealed : not apparent Adelaster adelopod adelpho- combining form Gk, fr. adelphos : brother adelphogamy -adelphous adj combining form prob. fr. NL -adelphus, fr. Gk adelphos brother, fr. a- fr. assumed ha-, akin to heis, mia, hen one, homos same + -delphos akin to delphys womb : having such or so many stamen fascicles isadelphous monadelphous aden- or adeno- combining form NL, fr. Gk adeno-, fr. aden-, ad n akin to ON kkr lump, L inguen groin, Gk nephros kidney 1 : gland : glandular adenitis adenocarcinoma 2 : glandular and adenoneural adip- or adipo- combining form L adip-, adeps, fr. Gk aleipha akin to Gk lipos fat, lard 1 : fat : fatty tissue adipic adipocele 2 : connected with adipic acid adipamide adiponitrile adren- or adreno- combining form adrenal 1 : adrenal glands adrenocortical adrenomedullary adrenotropic : adrenal and adrenogenital 2 : adrenaline adrenergic aer- or aero- combining form ME aero-, fr. MF, fr. L, fr. Gk aer-, aero-, fr. aer-, a r 1 a : air : atmosphere : aerial aerate aerenchyma aerobic b : aerial and aerohydrous 2 : gas aerometry aerosol 3 : aviation aerodrome aerotechnical aeri- combining form LL aeri-, fr. L aer : air aeriform aerify aeto- combining form NL, fr. Gk aetos akin to L avis bird : eagle aetomorph Aetosaurus esp. in names of taxonomic groups in zoology -aetus n combining form NL, fr. Gk aetos more at : eagle in generic names of birds Circaetus afr- or afro- combining form, usu cap L Afr-, Afer African : African Aframerican : African and Afro-Asiatic agam- or agamo- combining form NL, fr. LL agamus unmarried, fr. Gk agamos, fr. a- a- + gamos marriage : asexual agamic agamogenesis
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-alia
agath- or agatho- combining form Gk, fr. agathos perh. akin to OE g d good : good Agathosma agathology -age n suffix - ME, fr. OF, fr. L -aticum 1 : aggregate : collection cellarage surplusage trackage wordage 2 a : action : process coverage haulage stoppage b : cumulative result of breakage shrinkage c : rate of dosage leakage outage slippage 3 : house or place of orphanage parsonage 4 : state : rank bondage peonage 5 : charge for an act or service postage towage wharfage -agogue also -agog n combining form - F NL F -agogue, fr. LL -agogus promoting the expulsion of, fr. Gk -ag gos, fr. ag gos leading, drawing forth, fr. agein to lead NL -agogon, neut. of -agogos promoting the expulsion of, fr. Gk -ag gos : substance that promotes the secretion or expulsion of cholagogue lymphagogue -agra n combining form, pl -agrae also -agras ME, fr. L, fr. Gk, fr. agra hunting, catch akin to W aer war, L agere to drive : seizure of pain cardiagra melagra agrio- combining form GK NL NL, fr. Gk, fr. agrios, fr. agros field : wild agriology agro- combining form F, fr. Gk, fr. agros field 1 : of or belonging to fields or soil : agricultural agronomy agrosterol 2 : agricultural and agroindustrial -aholic or -oholic n combining form - alcoholic 1 : one who feels compulsively the need to do something shopaholic winaholic 2 : one who likes something to excess golfaholic ailur- or ailuro- or aelur- or aeluro- combining form NL, fr. Gk ailouro-, fr. ailouros : cat ailurodon ailurophobia -al adj suffix ME -al, -el, fr. OF L OF -al, -el, fr. L -alis : of, relating to, or characterized by directional fictional hormonal organizational spectral tidal -al n suffix - ME -aille, fr. OF, fr. L -alia, neut. pl. of -alis : action or process bestowal rehearsal withdrawal -al n suffix - F, fr. alcool alcohol, fr. ML alcohol 1 a : aldehyde butanal salicylal b : acetal butyral 2 : pharmaceutical product barbital alb- or albo- combining form L, fr. albus : white albite albocinereous albumin- or albumini- or albumino- combining form prob. fr. F, fr. L albumin-, albumen : albumen : albumin albuminoid albuminiferous albuminolysis alco- or alcoo- combining form alcohol : alcohol alcogel alcosol alcoometer ald- or aldo- combining form prob. fr. F ald-, fr. aldéhyde, fr. G aldehyd 1 : containing the aldehyde group in names of classes of compounds aldohexose 2 : related to an aldehyde aldimine aldon- or aldono- combining form ISV, fr. aldonic in aldonic acid : related to or derived from an aldonic acid aldonamide aldonolactone -ales n pl suffix NL, fr. L, pl. of -alis -al : plants belonging to or related to Chytridiales Rosales in the names of orders of plants in some classifications in the names of other superfamilial groups of plants as alliances or cohorts aleuro- combining form F, fr. Gk, fr. aleuron wheat flour, flour akin to Arm alam I grind : flour aleurometer alg- or algo- combining form NL, fr. Gk alg-, fr. algos : pain algesthesis alganesthesia algophobia -algia n combining form - Gk -algia, fr. algos : pain : painful condition cephalalgia podalgia -algic adj combining form -algy n combining form Gk -algia : ali- combining form L, fr. ala 1 : wing aliform alitrunk 2 : relating to the side parts of a specified organ or structure aliethmoid alinasal -alia n combining form NL, fr. Gk halia assembly Gk hal-, hals sea Gk halia akin to Gk eilein to compress, OSlav velikŭ great, and perh. to L vulgus common people Gk hals sea, akin to Gk hals salt : realm of marine animal life in names of biogeographic realms Arctalia Bassalia -alian adj combining form
alkalk- combining form alkyl : alkyl alkacrylic alkiodide alka- combining form alkane : alkane alkadiyne alkapolyene all- or allo- combining form Gk, fr. allos other, different 1 : other : different : dissimilar : extraneous allergy allopathy allosematic 2 allo- : isomeric form, close relative, or variety of a specified chemical compound allo-ocimene allotelluric acid : as a : the more stable form of two geometrical isomers allocinnamic acid b : -3 esp. in names of stereoisomeric compounds containing two fused saturated rings allocholanic acid allopregnane 3 usu allo: having dissimilar genomes alloheteroploid alloploid allotriploid opposed to autallant- or allanto- combining form NL, fr. Gk, sausage, fr. allant-, allas, prob. of Italic origin akin to L alium garlic 1 : allantoic : allantoid allantochorion allantoin 2 : sausage allantiasis allelo- combining form Gk all lo- each other, fr. all l n of each other, fr. allos . . . allos one . . . the other, fr. allos other 1 : alternative allelomorph 2 : of or for each other : reciprocal : reciprocally allelocatalytic allelotropism allo- combining form GK allos . . . allos one . . . the other, fr. allos other : being one of a group whose members together constitute a structural unit esp. of a language allophone allomorph compare allox- combining form ISV, fr. alloxan : alloxan -ally adv suffix -al + -ly : semantically in adverbs formed from adjectives ending in -ic with no alternative form ending in -ical alterni- combining form NL, fr. L alternus alternate : alternate : alternately alternifoliate alternipetalous alternipinnate alti- combining form ME, fr. L, fr. altus 1 : high altisonant 2 : altitude altigraph altimeter alumin- or alumino- combining form MF alumin-, fr. L, fr. alumin-, alumen 1 : alum aluminiform 2 : aluminum aluminography alveol- or alveolo- combining form L, fr. alveolus 1 : alveolus alveolectomy 2 : alveolar and alveololabial -am n combining form - prob. fr. G, prob. fr. NL ammonia : chemical compound related to ammonia lactam phospham ambi- prefix L ambi-, amb- both, on both sides, around akin to L ambo both, Gk amph both, amphi around : both ambilateral ambiparous ambly- or amblyo- combining form LL ambly-, fr. Gk, fr. amblys akin to L mollis soft, molere to grind 1 : blunt : obtuse Amblycephalus 2 : dulled : dimmed amblyacousia 3 : connected with amblyopia amblyoscope amer- or amero- combining form, cap American : American Amerophile : American and Amerasian americo- combining form, cap America 1 : relating to America or Americans Americomania 2 : American and AmericoLiberian amid- or amido- combining form ISV, fr. amide 1 : containing the group NH characteristic of amides united to a radical of acid character amidosulfuric distinguished from amin- 2 : - amidophenol 3 : containing the radical CONH characteristic of polyamides, peptides, and proteins amin- or amino- combining form ISV, fr. amine now usu amino- : containing the group NH characteristic of primary amines united to a radical other than an acid radical aminoacetanilide aminoguanidine distinguished from amidamm- or ammo- combining form ammo-, fr. Gk, fr. ammos sand : sand ammophilous ammino- combining form prob. fr. G, fr. ammin ammine : ammine amminochloride ammoni- or ammonio- combining form ISV, fr. ammonium : containing ammonia or ammonium ammoniocupric sulfate ammono- combining form ISV, fr. ammonia 1 : ammonia ammonolysis 2 : derived from ammonia in names of
3
-ander
chemical compounds ammonocarbonic acid HN C NH compare -2 amnio- combining form NL, fr. amnion, fr. Gk 1 : amnion amniotome 2 : amniotic and amnioallantoic amorph- or amorpho- combining form Gk, amorph-, fr. amorphos : amorphous amorphism amorphophyte ampel- or ampelo- combining form NL ampel-, fr. Gk ampel-, ampelo-, fr. ampelos : grapevine ampelopsis ampelography amphi- or amph- prefix L amphi- around, on both sides, fr. Gk amphi-, amph-, fr. amphi more at - 1 : around amphispermous 2 : on both sides : of both kinds : both amphicarpic amphivorous ampho- combining form NL, fr. Gk amph more at : both amphophilic amygdal- or amygdalo- combining form L amygdal-, fr. amygdala 1 : almond : almond family amygdalase amygdaliferous 2 NL, fr. amygdala a : tonsil amygdalotomy b : tonsillar and amygdalo-uvular amyl- or amylo- combining form LL amyl-, fr. L amylum, fr. Gk amylon, fr. neut. of amylos not ground at the mill, fr. aa- + mylos, myl mill : starch amylase amylemia amylometer -an or -ian also -ean n suffix - -an -ian fr. ME -an, -ian, -ien, fr. OF L OF -ien, fr. L -ianus, fr. -i- + -anus, fr. -anus, adj. suffix -ean fr. such words as Mediterranean, European 1 : one that is of or belonging to American Bostonian 2 : one skilled in or specializing in esp. in derivatives from nouns ending in -ic or -ics, in the latter case with loss of -s dialectician phonetician statistician 3 : one belonging to a specified zoological group crustacean mammalian crocodilian -an or -ian also -ean adj suffix -an -ian fr. ME -an, -ian, -ien, fr. OF L OF -ien, fr. L -ianus, fr. -i- + -anus -ean fr. such words as Mediterranean, European 1 : of or belonging to American Floridian Wesleyan 2 : characteristic of : resembling Mozartean Shavian 3 : of or belonging to a specified geologic period, epoch, or series Cambrian -an n suffix - ISV -an, -ane, alter. of -ene, -ine, -one 1 : unsaturated carbon compound tolan C H C CC H urethan esp. in names of heterocyclic compounds furan alloxan compare 2 a : anhydride representing a polymer of a carbohydrate usu. replacing final -ose of the carbohydrate name xylan dextran , less often replacing final -e pentosan b : intramolecular anhydride of a carbohydrate replacing final -e of the carbohydrate name -glucosan ana- or an- prefix ML, fr. L anaLL an-, fr. Gk ana-, an-, fr. ana up, on 1 : up : upward anode Anacardium 2 : back : backward ananym 3 : again : anew anagenesis -ana or -iana n pl suffix NL, collected quotations from, fr. L, neut. pl. of -anus -an -ianus -ian : collected items of information esp. anecdotal or bibliographical concerning Americana Johnsoniana Burnsiana collegiana chiefly in derivatives from personal names and place names anarch- or anarcho- combining form ML anarch-, fr. Gk, fr. anarchos 1 : without government anarchical 2 a : anarchism and anarchopacifism b : anarchist and anarchoindividualist anatomico- or anatomo- combining form anatomic : anatomical and : anatomical anatomicopathological anatomoclinical -ance n suffix - ME, fr. OF, fr. L -antia, fr. -ant-, -ans -ant + -ia -y 1 : action or process attendance deliverance furtherance : instance of an action or process appearance performance 2 : quality or state resemblance temperance : instance of a quality or state protuberance 3 : amount or degree conductance transmittance -ancy n suffix L -antia more at 1 : quality or state buoyancy pliancy 2 : instance of a quality or state expectancy -ander n combining form - NL -andrus, fr. Gk -andros having
andrsuch or so many men more at : one having such or so many stamens in words denoting members of Linnaean botanical classes in -andria hexander andr- or andro- combining form MF andro-, fr. L andr-, andro-, fr. Gk, fr. andr-, an r man male person akin to OIr nert strength, OScan ner man male person , Skt n 1 : man androcentric androphagous : of or belonging to a man or men androcracy androphobia : having the characteristics of a man and androtauric 2 : male androgenesis : male and androgynous 3 : stamen : anther androecium -andra n combining form NL, fem. of -andrus -androus : one having such a stamen in generic names of plants Calliandra Pachysandra -andria n pl combining form NL, fr. Gk, fact or condition of having such or so many men more at : plants having such or so many stamens in names of Linnaean botanical classes Polyandria -androus adj combining form NL -andrus, fr. Gk -andros having such or so many men, fr. andr-, an r man male person more at - : having such or so many stamens monandrous -andry n combining form NL -andria, fr. Gk, fact or condition of having such or so many men, fr. -andros + -ia -y : possession of such or so many stamens heterandry -ane n suffix - ISV -an, -ane, alter. of -ene, -ine, -one 1 : 1 urethane 2 : saturated or completely hydrogenated carbon compound in names of hydrocarbons and some parent heterocyclic compounds methane cholestane dioxane distinguished from -ene, -yne anem- or anemo- combining form prob. fr. F anémo-, fr. Gk anem-, anemo-, fr. anemos 1 : wind anemosis anemometer 2 : inhalation anemopathy ang- combining form angular usu ital : angular -ange n combining form - NL -angium : angi- or angio- combining form NL, fr. Gk angei-, angeio- vessel, blood vessel, fr. angeion, dim. of angos vessel perh. akin to L angulus angle 1 a : blood or lymph vessel angioid angiolith angiosis b : angiomatous angiofibroma : angiomatous and angiocavernous 2 : seed vessel angiocarpous -angium n combining form, pl -angia NL, fr. Gk angeion more at - : vessel : receptacle gametangium gonangium anglo- combining form, usu cap NL, fr. ML Angli English people, fr. L, Angles 1 : English: a : of or belonging to England Anglo-Norman b : of English origin, descent, or culture Anglo-Indian Anglo-Irish 2 : English and AngloJapanese Anglo-Russian anguli- or angulo- combining form prob. fr. NL, fr. L angulus angle 1 : angle angulometer : angular angulinerved 2 : of or belonging to the angular and angulosplenial angusti- combining form prob. fr. L, fr. angustus : narrow angustifoliate angustirostrate anhydr- or anhydro- combining form modif. influenced by hydr-, hydro- of Gk anydr-, fr. anydros 1 a : waterless anhydremia b : lacking fluid anhydromyelia 2 : anhydride of anhydroglucose anis- or aniso- combining form NL, fr. Gk, fr. anisos, fr. an- + isos equal more at - : unequal anisodont anisosthenic anis- or aniso- combining form L anisum anise : anise anisic : anisic acid anisoyl ankyl- or ankylo- also anchyl- or anchylo- or ancyl- or ancylocombining form NL, fr. Gk ankyl-, ankylo-, fr. ankylos akin to Gk ankos glen 1 : crooked : curved Ancylostoma 2 NL, fr. Gk ankyl-, ankylo-, fr. ankyl sis a : stiff, immobile, constricted, or closed because of adhesion ankyloglossia ankylurethria b : ankylosis ankylophobia ano- prefix NL, fr. Gk an upward, above, fr. ana up, on 1 : upward anogenic anoopsia 2 : upper anocarpous anom- or anomo- combining form NL, fr. Gk anom- lawless, fr. anomos, fr. a- a- + nomos law, fr. nemein to distribute
4
-anthropus
: unusual : abnormal : irregular anomite anomocarpous anomal- or anomali- or anomalo- combining form L anomal-, fr. Gk, fr. an malos uneven, irregular : anomalous : irregular anomaliflorous anomalism anomalocephalus anopl- or anoplo- combining form NL, fr. Gk anoplos, fr. an- + -hoplos fr. hoplon tool, weapon : unarmed chiefly in names of zoological taxa Anoplanthus anoplocephalic -ant n suffix - ME, fr. OF, fr. -ant, pres. part. suffix, fr. L -ant-, -ans, pres. part. suffix of first conjugation, fr. -a- vowel of first conjugation + -nt-, -ns, pres. part. suffix akin to OE -nde, pres. part. suffix, OHG -nti, ON -ndi, Goth -nds, Gk -nt-, -n, pres., fut., aor. part. suffix, Skt -nt, pres., fut., aor. act. part. suffix 1 a : one that performs a specified action : personal or impersonal agent assistant claimant coolant deodorant resultant b : thing that promotes a specified action or process expectorant 2 : person or thing connected with annuitant chemotherapeutant 3 : thing that is acted upon in a specified manner inhalant ingestant 4 : thing that is used for a specified purpose antifoggant -ant adj suffix ME, fr. OF, fr. -ant, pres. part. suffix 1 : performing a specified action or being in a specified condition denudant propellant somnambulant 2 : promoting a specified action or process expectorant ante- prefix ME, fr. L, fr. ante before, in front, in front of akin to OE and-, on- against, OHG ant-, int-, ON and-, Goth anda-, and-, Gk anti before, against, Skt anti in the presence of, Hitt hanti in front 1 a : prior : precedent : earlier antenati antepast antetype b : anterior anteroom : forward anteflexion anteversion 2 a : prior to : earlier than anteclassical antenatal antepartum b : in front of anteorbital antetemple antero- combining form NL, fr. L anterior : anterior anteroparietal : anterior and anterolateral : from front to anteroposterior anth- or antho- combining form L anth-, fr. Gk anth-, antho-, fr. anthos 1 : flower anthecology anthocyanin 2 : flowerlike Anthozoa -anthema n combining form, pl -anthemata or -anthemas LL, fr. Gk -anth ma akin to Gk anthos flower : eruption : rash enanthema -anthemum n combining form L, fr. Gk anthemon flower, fr. anthos : plant having such a flower in generic names Helianthemum Xeranthemum -anthera n combining form NL, fr. anthera : plant having such an anther in generic names Adenanthera Pyxidanthera -antherous adj combining form prob. fr. NL -antherus, fr. anthera anther : having such an anther or such or so many anthers decantherous phaenantherous -anthery n combining form - : possession of anthers, esp. as indicated phaenanthery -anthes n combining form NL, fr. Gk -anth s blooming, flowered, fr. anthos flower : plant having such a flower in generic names Achyranthes Polianthes Zephyranthes -anthous adj combining form prob. fr. NL -anthus, fr. Gk anthos flower : -flowered gymnanthous monanthous -anthy n combining form anthr- or anthra- combining form ISV anthracene : anthracene nucleus anthrol anthragallol anthrac- or anthraco- combining form L anthrac-, fr. Gk anthrak-, anthrako- charcoal, carbuncle, fr. anthrak-, anthrax 1 : coal : carbon anthracosis anthracolithic Anthracosaurus 2 : carbuncle anthracnose : anthrax anthracoid anthracocide -anthrene n combining form - ISV anthracene : substance related to anthracene phenanthrene cholanthrene anthrop- or anthropo- combining form L anthropo-, fr. Gk anthr p-, anthr po-, fr. anthr pos, perh. irreg. fr. andr-, an r man male person + - pos fr. ps face more at : human being anthropoid anthropogenesis -anthropus n combining form NL, fr. Gk anthr pos more at
-anthus
- : man in generic names of primates Pithecanthropus Sinanthropus -anthus n combining form NL, fr. Gk anthos flower : organism having or resembling such a flower in generic names in botany Cyclanthus Schizanthus and zoology Oecanthus anti- or ant- or anth- prefix anti- fr. ME, fr. OF L OF, fr. L, against, fr. Gk, fr. anti ant- fr. ME, fr. L, against, fr. Gk, fr. anti anth- fr. L, against, fr. Gk, fr. anti more at 1 a : one opposing the claims of : rival : spurious antichrist antiking antipope b : of the same kind but situated opposite, exerting energy in the opposite direction, or pursuing an opposite policy antapex antarctic anticline antischool antivolition c : one that is opposite in kind to anticlimax antihero antireligion anti- before consonants other than h and sometimes ant- before vowels and anth- before h which is not repeated , but more frequently anti- even before h or a vowel 2 a : opposing or hostile to in opinion, sympathy, or practice anticapitalist antidemocratic antiromantic antislavery antiunion b : opposing in effect or activity : inhibiting : preventing : counteracting antacid anthelmintic antiaging anti-Comintern antienzyme antifat antifogging anti-inflationary antislip antitrust 3 : not antigrammatical antilogical 4 : serving to prevent, cure, or alleviate a pathological condition antiarthritic antispasmodic 5 a : opposing or neutralizing another substance antibody antiserum b : substance that opposes or neutralizes another substance esp : substance that is an antibody to a specified antigen antitoxin 6 : combating : destroying : defending against antiaircraft antimine antitank anti- prefix MF ML, fr. L ante- : now little used because of possible confusion with antiantr- or antro- combining form NL, fr. LL antrum cavity in the body 1 : antrum antritis 2 : antral and antronasal aort- or aorto- combining form NL, fr. aorta : aorta aortitis aortolith aphan- or aphano- combining form F aphan-, fr. Gk aphan s, fr. a- a- + -phan s fr. phainesthai to appear : invisible : obscure aphanite Aphanomyces aphr- or aphro- combining form G aphr-, fr. Gk aphr-, aphro-, fr. aphros perh. akin to L imber rain : foam aphrite aphrometer api- combining form L, fr. apis : bee apiculture apiphobia apic- or apici- or apico- combining form prob. fr. NL, fr. L apic-, apex 1 : apex : tip esp. of an organ apicad apicifixed apicoectomy 2 : apical and apicodental consonant aplano- combining form prob. fr. NL, fr. Gk aplan s not wandering, fixed, fr. a- a- + -plan s wandering, fr. planasthai to wander : nonmotile Aplanobacter aplanospore apo- or ap- or aph- prefix apo- fr. ME, fr. MF L MF, fr. L, fr. Gk, fr. apo ap- fr. Gk, fr. apo aph- fr. LL, fr. Gk, fr. apo 1 : away from : off apastron aphelion 2 : detached : separate apocarpous 3 : formed from : related to in names of chemical compounds apocodeine apo- before consonants other than h and sometimes ap- before vowels and aphbefore h which is not repeated but frequently apo- even before h or a vowel append- or appendo- or appendic- or appendico- combining form NL, fr. appendic-, appendix, fr. L, appendage, supplement : vermiform appendix appendectomy appendicitis appendicostomy appendotome aqui- also aqua- combining form L aqui-, fr. aqua : water aquiculture aquiferous aquacade aquo- combining form ISV, fr. L aqua water + ISV -o- 1 : containing a molecule of water as part of a coordination complex hexaquocobalt III chloride Co H O Cl 2 : derived from water in names of chemical compounds aquocarbonic acid OC OH compare -2 -ar adj suffix ME -ar, -er, fr. OF L OF -er, fr. L -aris, alter. after bases containing l of -alis -al : of or belonging to linear molecular nuclear polar : being spectacular
5
aristo-
triangular : resembling annular oracular chiefly in words containing l and often accompanied by change of final postconsonantal -le of the base word to -ul- angular muscular titular arachn- or arachno- combining form NL Gk NL, fr. Gk, fr. arachn perh. akin to L aranea spider, Gk arkys net 1 : spider arachnology 2 : arachnoid membrane arachnitis arch- prefix ME arche-, arch-, fr. OE OF OE arce-, erce-, fr. LL archL archi-, fr. Gk arch-, archi- OF arch-, arche-, fr. LL archL archimore at - 1 : chief : principal archangel archbishop archdiocese archduke archpillar 2 : preeminent : extreme : most fully embodying the qualities of his or its kind archantiquary archcapitalist archfool archinfamy archphilosopher archpuritan archrogue 3 : first in time archfather : primitive archform -arch n combining form - ME -arke, -arche, fr. OF LL L OF -arche, fr. LL -archa, fr. L -arches, -archus, fr. Gk -arch s, archos more at - : ruler : leader matriarch nomarch -arch adj combining form prob. fr. G, fr. Gk arch beginning more at - : having such a point or so many points of origin endarch pentarch archae- or archaeo- also archeo- combining form Gk archaio-, fr. archaios ancient, fr. arch beginning more at - 1 : antiquity archaeography 2 : ancient : primitive archaecraniate archaeolithic archeozoic arche- prefix L, fr. Gk, fr. archein to begin more at : primitive : original archecentric archespore archi- or arch- prefix MF It L MF archiIt arci-, fr. L archi-, fr. Gk arch-, archi akin to Gk archein to begin, arch beginning, archos ruler 1 : chief : principal archiepiscopal archi- before consonants, arch- or more frequently archibefore vowels 2 : primitive : original : primary archenteron archiblast archicarp archicontinent archipterygium archy n combining form ME -archie, fr. MF, fr. L -archia, fr. Gk, fr. -arch s -arch + -ia -y : rule : government dyarchy squirearchy arct- or arcto- combining form L arct-, fr. Gk arkt-, arkto-, fr. arktos bear, Ursa Major, north 1 : north : arctic Arctalia Arctogaea 2 : bear Arctoidea Arctostaphylus -ard also -art n suffix - ME, fr. OF, of Gmc origin akin to OHG -hart in personal names such as G rhart Gerard akin to OE heard hard : one that is characterized by performing some action, possessing some quality, or being associated with some thing esp. conspicuously or excessively braggart drunkard dullard pollard sluggard stinkard wizard : a large one of its kind staggard arenaceo- combining form perh. fr. F arénacéo-, fr. L arenaceus : arenaceous and arenaceo-argillaceous areo- combining form Gk Ar s Ares god of war , Mars planet : the planet Mars areocentric longitude : of or belonging to the planet Mars areography argent- or argenti- or argento- combining form MF argent-, fr. L, fr. argentum : silver argentamide argentinitrate argentometry argill- or argilli- or argillo- combining form ME argill-, fr. L, fr. argilla 1 : clay argilliferous argilloid 2 : argillaceous and argilloarenaceous argillaceo- combining form argillaceous : argillaceous and argillaceocalcareous argyr- or argyro- combining form NL, fr. Gk, fr. argyros : silver argyrite argyrocephalous -aria n suffix NL, fr. L, fem. sing. neut. pl. of -arius -ary : one or ones like or connected with esp. in biological taxonomic names Campanularia Madreporaria Utricularia -arian n suffix - L -arius -ary + E -an 1 : believer necessitarian : advocate latitudinarian 2 : producer platitudinarian tractarian aristo- combining form MF LL MF, fr. LL, fr. Gk, fr. aristos akin to Gk arariskein to fit 1 : best aristogenesis 2
arithmo: aristocracy and aristodemocracy : aristocratic and aristodemocratic arithmo- combining form prob. fr. NL, fr. LGk, fr. Gk arithmos akin to Gk arariskein to fit : number arithmograph arithmomania -arium n suffix, pl -ariums or -aria L, fr. neut. of -arius -ary : thing or place belonging to or connected with aquarium planetarium ars- combining form ISV, fr. arsenic : arsenic arsine arsphenamine arsen- or arseno- combining form ISV, fr. arsenic : arsenic specif : containing the grouping As As analogous to the azo group arsenobenzene arsenoso- combining form ISV, fr. arsen- + -oso- as in ferroso: containing the univalent radical AsO composed of arsenic and oxygen arsenosophenol arsino- combining form ISV, fr. arsine + -o- : arsine : containing the univalent radical AsH arson- or arsono- combining form ISV, fr. arsonic : containing the radical AsO OH characteristic of the arsonic acids arsonate arsonoacetic acid arteri- or arterio- combining form MF, fr. LL, fr. Gk art ri-, art rio-, fr. art ria 1 : artery arteriectasia arteriology 2 : arterial and arteriovenous arthr- or arthro- combining form L arthr-, fr. Gk arthr-, arthro-, fr. arthron akin to Gk arariskein fit : joint arthralgia arthropathy arto- combining form L, fr. Gk, fr. artos perh. akin to Gk arariskein to fit : bread Artocarpus -ary n suffix ME -arie, fr. OF L OF -arie, -aire, fr. L -arius, -aria, -arium, fr. -arius, adj. suffix : one that belongs to or is connected with: a : thing belonging to or connected with esp : place of aviary bestiary herbary seminary termitary b : person belonging to, connected with, or engaged in functionary seditionary -ary adj suffix ME -arie, fr. MF L MF -aire, fr. L -arius : of or belonging to or connected with budgetary discretionary parliamentary unitary asc- or asci- or asco- combining form NL, fr. ascus : bladder : ascus ascula ascigerous ascospore ascidi- or ascidio- combining form NL, fr. Ascidia ascidium : ascidian ascidiozooid : ascidium ascidiferous -ase n suffix - F, fr. diastase : enzyme : destroying substance aureomycinase protease urease aspid- or aspido- combining form NL, fr. Gk, fr. aspid-, aspis perh. akin to Gk aspid s vast, broad, L spatium space : shield aspidate Aspidosperma -aspis n combining form NL, fr. Gk aspis shield more at - : one having such a shield in generic names in zoology and paleontology Cephalaspis Odontaspis -ast n suffix - ME aste, fr. L -astes, fr. Gk -ast s akin to -ist s -ist : one connected with ecdysiast hypochondriast aster- or astero- combining form Gk, fr. aster-, ast r : star asteroid Asterolepis -aster n suffix - ME, fr. L, suffix denoting partial resemblance : one that is inferior, worthless, or not genuine criticaster poetaster -aster n combining form - NL, fr. Gk ast r : star in structural and generic names in biology diaster Geaster asthen- or astheno- combining form Gk, fr. asthen s weak, fr. a- a- + -sthen s fr. sthenos strength perh. akin to Skt saghnoti he takes upon himself, is a match for : weak asthenopia : weakness asthenology astr- or astro- combining form ME astro-, fr. OF, fr. L astr-, astro-, fr. Gk, fr. astron star 1 : star astroid astrometer : the heavens astrography astronautics : astronomical astrophysics 2 : astrological astrodiagnosis : astrological and astromedical 3 : aster in cells astrosphere astragal- or astragalo- combining form Gk, fr. astragalos 1 : dice astragalomancy 2 NL astragalus, fr. Gk astragalos a : the bone astragalus astragalectomy b : astragalar and astragalocalcaneal
6
atto-
-ata n pl suffix NL, fr. L, neut. pl. of -atus -ate : ones characterized by having such a feature in names of zoological groups Coelenterata Vertebrata Chordata Branchiata -ate n suffix - ME -at, fr. OF, fr. L -atus nom. sing. masc. , -atum nom. sing. neut. , fr. -atus, past part. ending of 1st conj. verbs 1 : one acted upon in a specified way advocate legate centrifugate duplicate mandate vulcanizate 2 NL -atum, fr. L, neut. of -atus : chemical compound or complex anion derived from a specified compound or element alcoholate ferrate esp : salt or ester of an acid with a name ending in -ic and not beginning with hydroacetate carbonate -ate n suffix - ME -at, fr. OF, fr. L -atus, fr. -atus, past part. ending of 1st conj. verbs : office : function : rank : state : group of persons holding a specified office or rank, having a specified function, or being in a specified state episcopate pontificate professorate rabbinate -ate adj suffix ME -at, fr. L -atus, past part. ending of 1st conj. verbs, fr. -a- thematic vowel of 1st conj. + -tus, past part. ending more at 1 : acted upon in a specified way : brought into or being in a specified state consummate degenerate inanimate Italianate temperate 2 : characterized by having branchiate chordate foliate -ate vb suffix - ME -aten, fr. L -atus, past part. ending of 1st conj. verbs : to act in a specified way negotiate pontificate : act upon in a specified way assassinate venerate : cause to be modified or affected by camphorate hyphenate pollinate : cause to become activate domesticate fractionate : furnish with capacitate substantiate atel- or atelo- combining form NL, fr. Gk atel- imperfect, incomplete, fr. atel s, fr. a- a- + -tel s fr. telos end : defective atelectasis atelomyelia athero- combining form NL, fr. atheroma : atheroma atherogenesis -athon n combining form - marathon 1 : event or activity lasting a long time often for the purpose of raising funds walkathon 2 : an excess of something practical joke-athon -ation n suffix - ME -acioun, fr. OF -ation, fr. L -ation-, -atio, fr. -atus -ate + -ion-, -io -ion : action or process computation flirtation visitation : something connected with an action or process civilization discoloration -ative adj suffix ME, fr. MF -atif, fr. L -ativus, fr. -atus -ate + -ivus -ive : of, relating to, or connected with authoritative consultative normative quantitative : tending to fixative formative laxative talkative atlant- or atlanto- combining form NL atlant-, atlas 1 : atlas atlantad 2 : atlantal and atlantoaxial atlantoodontoid atlo- combining form atlas : atlantal and atloaxoid atloido- combining form F atlo do-, fr. atlo de : atlantal and atloidoaxoid atm- or atmo- combining form NL atmo- vapor, fr. Gk atm-, atmo-, fr. atmos akin to Gk a nai to blow : vapor atmiatry : air atmogenic atmid- or atmido- combining form ISV, fr. Gk, fr. atmid-, atmis, fr. atmos : steam : vapor atmidalbumin atmidometer -ator n suffix - ME -atour, fr. OF L OF -atour, -ator, fr. L -ator, fr. -atus -ate + -or : one that does calorizator totalizator -atory adj suffix ME, fr. L -atorius, fr. -atus -ate + -orius -ory : of, belonging to, or connected with perspiratory : serving or tending to amendatory atri- or atrio- combining form NL atrium, fr. L 1 : atrium atrial atriopore 2 : atrial and atriocoelomic atrioventricular atro- combining form L atr-, ater black + E -o- : black and atrocastaneous atto- combining form ISV, fr. Dan or Norw atten eighteen fr. ON ttj n + -o- : one quintillionth 10−18 part of attogram
audioaudio- combining form L audire to hear + E -o- 1 : hearing audiology audiometer 2 : sound : frequencies in the range of audible sound audiogenic 3 : auditory and audiovisual audit- or audito- combining form ME audit-, fr. MF L MF audit-, fr. L, fr. auditus, past part. of audire to hear 1 : hearing : sound auditize 2 : auditory and auditopsychic auditosensory aul- or aulo- combining form NL, fr. Gk, fr. aulos : flute : pipe aulophyte Aulacanthus Aulostomus aur- or auri- combining form L, fr. auris 1 : ear aural auriscope 2 : aural and aurinasal auri- combining form ME, fr. L, fr. aurum 1 : gold auriferous 2 : of, relating to, or containing trivalent gold : auric auri-iodide auricyanide auriculo- combining form prob. fr. NL, fr. auricula auricle of the heart, fr. L, external ear 1 : of or belonging to an auricle of the heart and auriculoventricular 2 : aural and auriculoparietal auriculotemporal auro- combining form ISV, fr. L aurum 1 a : gold aurophobia b : gold and auro-plumbiferous 2 : of, relating to, or containing univalent gold : aurous aurobromide aurothiosulfate austr- or austro- combining form, usu cap ME austr-, fr. L, south, fr. austr-, auster south wind, south akin to L aurora dawn 1 : south : southern austroasiatic Austroriparian 2 : Australian and Austro-Malayan austr- or austro- combining form, usu cap prob. fr. NL, fr. Austria 1 : Austrian and Austro-Hungarian 2 : Austria austrium Austrophobia aut- or auto- combining form Gk, fr. autos perh. akin to L aut or 1 a : self : same one autecology autism autobiography autogenetic autokinetic autolysis b usu auto: having similar genomes autohexaploid autopolyploid opposed to all- 2 : automatic : self-acting : self-regulating autoalarm autofeed autowind 3 auto- a : of, by, affecting, or for the same individual autohemagglutination autovaccine b : self-caused : self-induced : occurring within one s own body sometimes pathologically autointoxication c : acting as an antibody on or produced as an antibody for a person s or animal s own antigens autoagglutinin autohemolysin auto- combining form automobile : self-propelling : automotive autocab autocar automat- or automato- combining form Gk, self-acting, fr. automatos : self-acting : self-regulating : automatic automatin automatograph auxano- combining form ISV, fr. Gk auxanein to increase akin to Gk auxein to increase : growth auxanogram auxanology -auxe n combining form, pl -auxae NL, fr. Gk aux growth akin to Gk auxein to increase : enlargement : hypertrophy enterauxe auxo- combining form ISV, fr. Gk, fr. auxein to increase 1 : growth auxobody auxosubstance : increase auxograph 2 : accelerating : stimulating auxochrome ax- or axo- combining form ISV, fr. Gk ax n axle, axis 1 : axis axophyte 2 : axis cylinder axite axodendrite axi- combining form L, axle, axis, fr. axis 1 : axis axiform 2 : axis cylinder axilemma axono- combining form ISV, fr. Gk axon-, ax n axle, axis : axis axonometry Axonophora az- or azo- combining form ISV, fr. azote 1 : containing nitrogen azolitmin 2 azo- : containing the bivalent group N N composed of doubly bonded nitrogen atoms united usu. on both sides to carbon azomethane CH N NCH aza- or az- combining form ISV, fr. az- + -a- : containing nitrogen in place of carbon, usu. the group NH for the group CH or a single nitrogen atom N for the group CH azacyanine azaphenanthrene compare -, azido- combining form ISV, fr. azide + -o- : containing the uni-
7
benz-
valent group N derived from hydrazoic acid azidoacetic acid azoxy- combining form ISV, fr. az- + oxy- : containing the bivalent group N O N composed of two nitrogen atoms and one oxygen atom united usu. on both sides to carbon azoxynaphthalene C H N O NC H azygo- combining form ISV, fr. Gk azygos : azygous azygospore bacill- or bacilli- or bacillo- combining form NL bacillus : bacillus bacillosis bacilliculture bacillogenic -bacter n combining form NL, fr. bacterium : bacterial organism in generic names Aerobacter Nitrobacter bacteri- or bacterio- combining form bacterium : bacteria : bacterial bacteriform bacterioblast bacteriolysis balne- or balneo- combining form L balne-, fr. balneum bath : bath : bathing balneal balneotherapy bar- or baro- combining form Gk baros : weight : pressure baragnosis barograph bary- combining form Gk bary-, fr. barys : heavy barylite barysphere baryt- or baryto- combining form ISV, fr. baryta : baryta : barytic barytocalcite basi- also baso- combining form ISV, fr. L basis 1 a : base : lower part basipetal b : at or near the base basifixed basiglandular c : of or belonging to the base of basicranial 2 a : chemical base basify b : subsilicic and basiophitic basidi- or basidio- combining form NL, fr. basidium : basidium : basidial basidiospore Basidiomycetes -bates n combining form NL, fr. Gk -bat s one that goes, fr. bainein to go, walk : walker in generic names of animals Hydrobates Pelobates bath- or batho- combining form ISV, fr. Gk bathos, fr. bathys deep more at - 1 : depth bathic batholith bathometer bathophobia 2 : downward : lower bathochrome bathy- combining form ISV, fr. Gk, fr. bathys deep akin to W boddi to drown, Skt g hate he dives into 1 : deep bathyseism : depth bathythermograph 2 : deep-sea bathypelagic bathyplankton bathysphere 3 : inner parts of the body bathyesthesia batrach- or batracho- combining form ISV, fr. Gk, frog, fr. batrachos perh. akin to OHG kreta, krota toad 1 : frog : toad batrachophobia 2 : ranula batrachoplasty -batrachus n combining form NL, fr. Gk batrachos : batrachian in generic names of animals Megalobatrachus bdell- or bdello- combining form F NL, fr. Gk, fr. bdella : leech Bdelloura Bdelloida bdellotomy -bdella n combining form - NL, fr. Gk bdella : leech esp. in generic names in helminthology Malacobdella be- prefix ME, fr. OE be-, bi- akin to OE b by, near, OHG bibe-, b by, near, Goth bi- be-, bi by, about, at 1 : on : around : over bedaub besmear 2 : to a great or greater degree : thoroughly esp. in intensive verbs formed from simple verbs becudgel befuddle besmite bespatter berate 3 : excessively : ostentatiously in intensive verbs formed from simple verbs bedeck belaud and in adjectives based on adjectives ending in -ed beribboned befurbelowed 4 : about : to : at : upon : against : across in transitive verbs formed from intransitive simple verbs bestride bespeak becroak 5 : make : cause to be : treat as in verbs formed from adjectives or nouns belittle benumb befool befriend 6 : call or dub esp. excessively in verbs formed from nouns belady berascal bedoctor 7 : affect, afflict, treat, provide, or cover with esp. excessively in verbs formed from nouns befamine bedevil beglue beblood and sometimes only in the form of a past participle or adjective ending in -ed becapped becobwebbed belgo- combining form, cap Belgium + -o- 1 : Belgium : Belgian Belgophile 2 : Belgium and Belgo-Luxembourg : Belgian and Belgo-Dutch benz- or benzo- combining form ISV, fr. benzoin prob. orig.
biformed in F 1 : related to benzene or benzoic acid benzazide benzopinacol 2 : containing a benzene ring fused on one side to one side of another ring benzacridine benzopyrone bi- prefix ME, fr. L akin to OE twimore at - 1 a : two bimuscular bicycle biracial b : lasting two : coming or occurring every two biennial bimonthly biweekly c : into two parts bisect 2 a : twice : doubly : on both sides biconic biconvex biserrate b : coming or occurring two times bidiurnal biquarterly biweekly often disapproved in this sense because of the likelihood of confusion with sense 1b compare - 3 anat : between, involving, or affecting two specified symmetrical parts bigonial bi-iliac 4 chem a : containing one specified constituent in double the proportion of the other constituent or in double the ordinary proportion esp. in names of acid salts formed with twice as much acid as is required for a normal salt biurate b : - 2 esp. in names of organic compounds to denote the doubling of a radical or molecule bitolyl biphenol bi- or bio- combining form Gk, fr. bios mode of life 1 : life bioblast : living organisms or tissue biopsy biodynamics 2 : biology : biological biopsychology 3 : biographical biopic : biographical and biocritical -bia n combining form NL, fr. fem. sing. and neut. pl. of -bius having a specified mode of life more at : one or ones having a specified mode of life in generic names as a singular Bryobia and in descriptive biological group names as a plural aerobia coenobia biblic- or biblico- combining form, often cap obs. biblic biblical prob. fr. ML biblicus, fr. biblia Bible + L -icus ic + E -o: Bible biblicist : biblical and biblicoliterary biblio- combining form MF, fr. L, fr. Gk, fr. biblion : book bibliography bibliomania bicyclo- combining form ISV, fr. bicyclic chem : bicyclic bicycloalkane bili- combining form MF, fr. L, fr. bilis 1 : bile bilifaction 2 : derived from bile bilirubin bin- combining form ME, fr. LL, fr. L bini two by two akin to OE tw n twine 1 : two : two by two : two at a time binary binate binaural 2 chem : - 4 binoxalate binoxide in some words of which the last constituent begins with a vowel compare -biont n combining form - prob. fr. G, modif. of Gk biount-, bi n living, pres. part. of bioun to live, fr. bios mode of life : one having a specified mode of life aerobiont -biosis n combining form, pl -bioses NL, fr. Gk bi sis, fr. bioun to live fr. bios mode of life + - sis -osis : mode of life aerobiosis necrobiosis -biotic adj combining form prob. fr. NL -bioticus, fr. Gk bi tikos 1 : relating to life : life antibiotic 2 : having a specified mode of life aerobiotic necrobiotic bis- combining form L, fr. bis 1 a : both : of or belonging to both chiefly in anatomical or medical words of which the second constituent begins with a vowel bisischiatic b : two bismarine 2 : twice : doubled esp. in complex chemical expressions bisdimethylamino- bisquarternary bismut- or bismuto- combining form G bismut-, bismuto-, fr. bismut now wismut : bismuth bismutite bismutoplagionite -bium n combining form, pl -bia NL, fr. neut. of -bius : organism or group having a specified mode of life in taxonomic names Anobium and group names coenobium in biology -bius n combining form NL, fr. -bius having a specified mode of life, fr. Gk -bios, fr. bios mode of life : one that has a specified mode of life chiefly in generic names in zoology Enterobius blast- or blasto- combining form G blast-, blasto-, fr. Gk, fr. blastos 1 : bud : budding : germ : embryo in its early stages blastoderm 2 : metamorphic and blastogranitic -blast n combining form - NL -blastus, fr. Gk blastos akin to
8
bronchi-
OE molda top of the head, Gk bl thros tall, melathron roof, Skt m rdhan head, Toch A malto first 1 biol a : germ : shoot : sprout b : embryonic or formative cell in names of formative cells corresponding to names of fully developed cells ending in -cyte erythroblast c : germ layer : formative layer of cells splanchnoblast d : formative constituent unit of living matter idioblast 2 geol : crystal formed during metamorphism porphyroblast -blastic adj combining form ISV, fr. -blast + -ic : sprouting or germinating in a specified way heteroblastic : having such or so many sprouts, buds, or germ layers calyptoblastic monoblastic -blasty n combining form ISV, fr. -blastic + -y : manner or condition of germinating heteroblasty blephar- or blepharo- combining form NL, fr. Gk, fr. blepharon 1 : eyelid blepharitis blepharospasm : of the eyelid and blepharoconjunctivitis 2 : cilium : flagellum blepharoplast bor- or boro- combining form ISV, fr. boron : boron borism boryl boroarsenate bothr- or bothro- combining form NL, fr. Gk, fr. bothros : trough : pit bothrenchyma chiefly in generic names Bothrodendron Bothrops bothri- or bothrio- combining form NL, fr. bothrium : bothrium bothrithorax Bothriolepis botry- or botryo- combining form Gk, fr. botrys 1 : bunch of grapes botryose 2 : botryoid botryolite bovi- combining form LL bovi-, fr. L bov-, bos : cattle boviculture brachi- or brachio- combining form L brachiNL brachio-, fr. L brachium 1 : arm brachiferous brachiotomy 2 : brachial and brachiofacial brachy- combining form Gk, fr. brachys 1 : short brachycephalic 2 : brachydiagonal in terms in crystallography brachydome brady- combining form MF NL, fr. Gk bradys 1 : slow bradycardia : dull bradyacusia 2 : - bradydactylia -branch n combining form - NL -branchia ones having such or so many gills -branchus one having such or so many gills fr. Gk branchos gill, irreg. fr. Gk branchia gills 1 : one having such or so many gills cryptobranch dibranch 2 : gill arthrobranch : organ like a gill actinobranch branchi- or branchio- combining form NL branchio-, fr. Gk, fr. branchia 1 : gills branchiferous branchiogenous 2 : branchial and branchiocardiac -branchia n pl combining form NL, fr. L branchia : ones having such or so many gills in taxonomic names in zoology Cryptobranchia Tetrabranchia -branchia n combining form, pl -branchiae NL, fr. L branchia : gill podobranchia : organ like a gill pulmobranchia brevi- combining form L, fr. brevis : short brevi-conic brevilingual brito- n combining form, cap prob. fr. L Brito 1 : of or belonging to the Britons and Brito-Roman 2 : British and Brito-Japanese 3 : Britain Britocentric brom- or bromo- combining form ISV, prob. fr. F brome bromine, fr. Gk br mos bad smell 1 : bromine bromhydrate bromoprene 2 now usu bromo- : containing bromine in place of hydrogen in names of organic compounds bromoacetic acid 3 now usu bromo- : containing bromine regarded as replacing hydroxyl or oxygen or as coordinated to a central atom in names of inorganic acids and salts bromoauric acid 4 : containing bromine as bromide and sometimes replacing another element or group in names of minerals and salts occurring as minerals bronch- or broncho- combining form prob. fr. F bronch-, broncho- trachea, throat, fr. LL broncho-, fr. Gk bronch-, broncho-, fr. bronchos 1 : throat bronchocele 2 : bronchial bronchitis bronchophony 3 : bronchial and bronchopulmonary bronchi- or bronchio- combining form prob. fr. NL bronchi-, fr.
brontLL bronchium : bronchia bronchiectasis bronchiocrisis bront- or bronto- combining form Gk, fr. bront akin to Gk bremein to roar, bromos loud noise : thunder brontide brontometer often in generic names esp. of large animals Brontops Brontotherium bry- or bryo- combining form NL, moss, fr. Gk bryo- moss, catkin, fr. bryon perh. akin to OHG kr t herb, cabbage : moss Bryaceae bryology bucco- combining form prob. fr. NL, fr. L bucca cheek : buccal and buccogingival buccolingual bulb- or bulbo- combining form MF L MF bulb-, fr. L, fr. bulbus 1 : bulb bulbar Bulbocodium 2 : bulbar and bulbospinal -bulia also -boulia n combining form - NL -bulia, fr. Gk -boulia, fr. boul will prob. akin to Gk ballein to throw : condition of having such will hyperbulia -bulic also -boulic adj combining form ISV, fr. NL -bulia + ISV -ic : of, relating to, or characterized by a specified state of the will -burger n combining form - hamburger 1 a : patty of a specified kind of food usu. meat or a meat substitute porkburger nutburger b : sandwich made of such a patty porkburger 2 : sandwich with a filling consisting of a hamburger patty topped with a specified food cheeseburger but- or buto- combining form ISV, fr. butyric : containing a group of four carbon atoms butane butene butopyronoxyl butoxy- combining form ISV, fr. butoxyl : containing butoxyl butyr- or butyro- combining form ISV, fr. butyric : butyric : related to butyric acid or butyraldehyde butyraldol butyronitrile cac- or caco- combining form NL, fr. Gk kak-, kako-, fr. kakos bad 1 : bad caconym : incorrect cacoepy : unpleasant cacophonous 2 : diseased cacochylia -cace n combining form - Gk kak badness, fr. kakos bad : diseased or vitiated condition of a specified bodily part arthrocace carpocace -cade n combining form - cavalcade : procession motorcade : spectacle aquacade -caine n combining form - G -kain, fr. kokain, cocaine : synthetic alkaloid anesthetic dibucaine procaine calam- or calami- or calamo- combining form NL, fr. Gk kalam-, kalamo-, fr. kalamos reed : reed : reedlike Calamagrostis calamiferous Calamodendron calc- or calci- or calco- combining form L calc-, calx lime : calcium : calcium salts calcite calcimeter calcospherite calcaneo- combining form calcaneum : calcaneal and calcaneoastragalar calcaneocuboid calcareo- combining form calcareous : calcareous calcareocorneous calcareosulfurous calcio- combining form calcium : calcium used chiefly in names of minerals calciobiotite calli- or callo- or cali- or calo- combining form calli- fr. L, fr. Gk kalli-, fr. kallos beauty akin to Gk kalos beautiful, Skt kalya healthy calo- fr. ML, fr. Gk kalo-, fr. kalos callocali- fr. blending of other forms : beautiful calligraph Callorynchus Calimeris : white calomel : beauty Calliphora calori- combining form L, fr. calor : heat calorimeter calyc- or calyco- combining form NL, fr. Gk kalyk-, kalyko-, fr. kalyk-, kalyx : calyx calycoid Calycophora calyci- combining form L calyc-, calyx : calyx calyciferous calycifloral calyptri- or calyptro- combining form NL calyptra : calyptra : hood : cap calyptriform calyptrogen -campa n combining form NL, fr Gk kamp prob. akin to Gk kamp bend, turning : caterpillar in generic names of insects Lasiocampa Taeniocampa camph- or campho- combining form NL camphora : camphor camphene camphocarboxylic campto- combining form NL, fr. Gk kamptos flexible akin to Gk kamp bend : bent : curved camptodrome Camptosorus
9
-cele
-capnia n combining form, pl -capnias or -capniae NL, fr. Gk kapnos smoke + NL -ia akin to L cupere to desire : carbon dioxide in the blood hypercapnia hypocapnia capri- combining form L, fr. capr-, caper : goat Capricorn capsul- or capsuli- or capsulo- combining form NL, fr. capsula : capsule capsulitis capsuliform capsulolenticular carb- or carbo- combining form F, fr. carbone : carbon : carbonic : carbonyl : carboxyl carbodiimide carbohydrazide carbohydrate carbol- combining form ISV carb- + L oleum oil orig. formed as G karbol- : carbolic acid carboluria carbolxylol carbolate carboni- combining form L carbon-, carbo ember, charcoal : coal carboniferous carbonigenous carboxy- or carbox- combining form ISV, fr. carboxyl : carboxyl carboxamide carboxyphenyl carcin- or carcino- combining form Gk karkin-, karkino-, fr. karkinos 1 : crab carcinology 2 : tumor carcinogenic : cancer carcinemia carcinosarcoma cardi- or cardia- or cardio- combining form Gk kardi-, kardio-, fr. kardia 1 : heart : cardiac cardiagra cardioaortic cardioptosis cardiopuncture 2 : heart action cardiagram -cardia n combining form - NL, fr. Gk kardia 1 : heart action or location of a specified type dextrocardia tachycardia 2 a : animal or animals having a specified type of heart Diplocardia Leptocardia b : heart-shaped animal esp. in generic names of mollusks -cardium n combining form, pl -cardia NL, fr. Gk -kardion, fr. kardia : heart endocardium mesocardium caric- or carico- combining form NL Caric-, Carex : carex : sedges caricetum caricology cario- combining form caries : caries cariogenic cariostatic -caris n combining form NL, fr. L caris, a kind of sea crab, fr. Gk karis perh. akin to Gk kara head : shrimp : prawn in generic names of crustacea Echinocaris carp- or carpo- combining form F NL, fr. Gk karp-, karpo-, fr. karpos fruit : fruit Carpoidea carpology carp- or carpo- combining form NL, fr. Gk karp-, karpo-, fr. karpos wrist : carpus carpitis : carpus and carpometacarpus : carpal and carpopedal -carp also -carpium n combining form, pl -carps also -carpia NL -carpium, fr. Gk -karpion, fr. karpos fruit 1 : part of a fruit pericarp : fruit schizocarp amphicarpium 2 NL -carpus, fr. Gk -karpos -carpous, fr. karpos : plant having fruit in a specified place acrocarp pleurocarp -carpic adj combining form prob. fr. NL -carpicus, fr. Gk karpos fruit + L -icus -ic : eucarpic -carpous adj combining form NL -carpus, fr. Gk -karpos, fr. karpos fruit : fruited : having such fruit or so many fruits syncarpous monocarpous -carpy n combining form -carpus n combining form NL, fr. Gk -karpos -carpous : plant having such fruit in generic names Corynocarpus Thysanocarpus case- or caseo- combining form casein : casein casease caseolysis cata- or cat- or cath- prefix Gk kata-, kat-, kath-, fr. kata down akin to OW cant with, along, Hitt katta under, with, L comwith, together more at - 1 : down cation catabiotic 2 : against catabaptist cato- prefix Gk kat -, fr. kat downwards, fr. kata down more at - : down : lower catogene Catostomus caud- or caudi- or caudo- combining form L cauda : tail caudad caudiform : caudal and caudodorsal caul- or cauli- or caulo- combining form cauli- fr. L caulis caul-, caulo- fr. NL, fr. Gk. kaul-, kaulo-, fr. kaulos : stem : stalk caulome cauliflory cec- or ceci- or ceco- or caec- or caeci- or caeco- combining form NL, fr. cecum : cecum cecectomy ceciform cecitis cecocolic -cele n combining form - MF, fr. L, fr. Gk k l tumor akin to
cellOE h ala hydrocele, hernia, OHG h la hernia, ON haull, OSlav kyla : tumor : hernia cystocele gastrocele cell- or cello- combining form cellulose : cellulose Cellfalcicula cellobiose -celled adj combining form : having such or so many cells nerve-celled single-celled organisms cellul- or celluli- or cellulo- combining form NL, fr. cellula 1 : plant or animal cell cellulicidal cellulotoxic 2 : cellular and cellulofibrous cellul- or cellulo- also cellu- combining form cellulose : cellulose celluloid, cellulolytic cen- or ceno- or caen- or caeno- combining form Gk kain-, kaino-, fr. kainos new 1 : recent cenozoic 2 : novel cenogenesis -cene adj combining form Gk kainos new : recent in names of geologic periods eocene centi- combining form F L F, hundredth, fr. L, hundred, fr. centum hundred 1 : hundred centipede 2 : hundredth part centimeter centinormal chiefly in terms belonging to the metric system centr- or centro- combining form Gk kentr-, kentro-, fr. kentron center, sharp point 1 : center centroid : central and centrodorsal 2 : spiny centrarchid centrosema centri- combining form NL, fr. L : center centrifugal centriole -centric adj combining form ME -sentrik in consentrik concentric , fr. ML -centricus in concentricus concentric, eccentricus eccentric : having such a center or such or so many centers heterocentric homocentric polycentric : having something specified as its center anthropocentric heliocentric cephal- or cephalo- combining form L, fr. Gk kephal-, kephalo-, fr. kephal head 1 : head cephalitis cephalometer 2 : cephalic and cephalofacial -cephalic adj combining form NL -cephalus, F -céphale, E -cephalous + E -ic : -headed : having such a head or so many heads brachycephalic discocephalic bicephalic -cephalism n combining form -cephaly n combining form -cephalous adj combining form Gk -kephalos, fr. kephal :-cephalus n combining form NL, fr. Gk -kephalos 1 pl -cephali : cephalic abnormality of a specified type microcephalus hydrocephalus 2 pl -cephali or -cephala : organism having a specified type of head Ichthyocephali Phanerocephala cer- or cero- combining form Gk k r-, k ro-, fr. k ros : wax cerophilous cerotype -cera n combining form, pl -cera NL, fr. Gk keras horn : horned one : horned ones in taxonomic names in zoology Acrocera Cladocera Nematocera -ceras n combining form NL, fr. Gk keras : horned one in generic names of plants and animals Cyrtoceras Dinoceras cerat- or cerato- also kerat- or kerato- combining form NL, fr. Gk kerat-, kerato-, fr. keras horn 1 : horn : horny Ceratodos 2 usu kerat- or kerato- : cornea keratitis ceraun- or cerauno- combining form Gk keraun-, kerauno-, fr. keraunos thunderbolt akin to Gk k r death : thunder ceraunograph ceraunophone cerc- or cerco- combining form NL, fr. Gk kerk-, kerko-, fr. kerkos tail : tail : tailed cercaria cercopod -cercal adj combining form F -cerque fr. Gk kerkos tail + E -al : tailed homocercal isocercal -cercy n combining form ISV -cercal + -y prob. orig. formed as F -cerquie : tail formation of a specified type diphycercy cerebell- or cerebelli- or cerebello- combining form cerebellum 1 : cerebellum cerebellitis 2 : cerebellar : cerebellar and cerebellocortex cerebellospinal cerebr- or cerebri- or cerebro- combining form cerebrum 1 : brain : cerebrum cerebroid cerebriform cerebroscope 2 : cerebral and cerebrospinal
10
choan-
-cerus n combining form NL, fr. Gk -ker s, fr. keras horn : horned one in generic names of insects Tetracerus cervi- combining form F NL, fr. L cervus : deer Cervicapra cervic- or cervici- or cervico- combining form L cervic-, cervix neck : neck cervicodynia : cervix of an organ cervicectomy : cervical and cervicofacial cet- or ceto- combining form F cét-, céto-, NL cet-, ceto-, fr. L cetus : whale cetyl cetotolite Cetorhinus chaet- or chaeto- combining form NL, fr. Gk chait : bristle : hair Chaetodon chaetophorous -chaeta n combining form NL, fr. Gk -chait s -haired, fr. chait 1 also -chaetes or -chaetus : haired one : hairlike one in generic names Spirochaeta Connochaetes 2 pl -chaetae : bristle of a specified type microchaeta chalc- or chalco- also chalk- or chalko- combining form F L, fr. Gk chalk-, chalko-, fr. chalkos copper, prob. akin to Lith gele is iron, Russ zhelezo : copper : brass : bronze chalcomenite chalcomancy chamae- or chame- combining form NL, fr. Gk chamai on the ground : low : ground Chamaerops Chamaesaura used chiefly in generic names of plants and animals -cheilia also -chilia n combining form - NL, fr. Gk -cheil s having such lips fr. cheilos lip + NL -ia more at : lip formation of a specified type macrocheilia chel- or cheli- combining form NL, fr. chela : claw chelicera chem- or chemo- or chemico- also chemi- or chemio- combining form chemchemo- fr. NL, fr. LGk ch meia alchemy chemico- fr. chemical chemi- chemio- prob. fr. Dan kemi-, fr. kemi chemistry, fr. LGk ch meia 1 : chemical : chemistry chemosmosis chemotaxis 2 : chemically chemisorb chemiotropic : chemical and chemicophysical chen- or cheno- combining form Gk ch n-, ch no-, fr. ch n : goose Chenopodium chiasto- combining form G, fr. Gk chiastos : marked with or characterized by a cross : crossed at right angles chiasto-basidium chil- or chilo- also cheil- or cheilo- combining form NL, fr. Gk cheil-, cheilo-, fr. cheilos : lip Chilopsis Chilomastix chin- or chino- combining form alter. influenced by G chin-, chino-, fr. chinin quinine of quin-, quino- : quinine chinotoxine chinol chino- combining form, usu cap China : Chinese and Chino-Japanese compare chion- or chiono- also chio- combining form chion-, chiono- fr. NL, fr. Gk, fr. chi n snow chio- fr. G NL, fr. Gk chi n akin to Gk cheim n winter : snow chionanthus chiolite chionodoxa chir- or chiro- also cheir- or cheiro- combining form L chir-, chiro-, fr. Gk cheir-, cheiro-, fr. cheir akin to Alb dore hand, Hitt kesar, Toch A tsar : hand chiragra chiromancy cheirology -chiria or -cheiria n combining form - NL, fr. Gk -cheiria, fr. cheir hand more at - : -handedness allochiria macrochiria -chirurgia n combining form - NL, fr. L chirurgia : surgery : cutting enterochirurgia pneumochirurgia chlamyd- or chlamydo- combining form NL, fr. Gk chlamyd-, chlamys : mantle chlamydospore Chlamydozoa chlor- or chloro- combining form NL, fr. Gk, fr. chl ros greenish yellow 1 : green chlorophyll chlorophane 2 : yellowish green : pale green : anemic chlorosis 3 a : chlorine chlorhydrate chloroform b now usu chloro- : containing chlorine in place of hydrogen in names of organic compounds chloroaniline c now usu chloro- : containing chlorine regarded as replacing hydroxyl or oxygen or as coordinated to a central atom in names of inorganic acids and salts chloroauric acid chlorochromate d : containing chlorine as chloride sometimes replacing another element or group in names of minerals and salts occurring as minerals chlorosulfate choan- or choano- combining form NL, fr. Gk choan funnel,
-choerus
fr. chein to pour : funnel : funnel-shaped opening or part choanate choanocyte -choerus n combining form NL, fr. Gk choiros pig akin to L horr re to bristle : pig : piglike animal in generic names in zoology Hydrochoerus chol- or chole- or cholo- combining form Gk chol-, chol -, cholo-, fr. chol , cholos : bile : gall cholane cholelith chologenetic chondr- or chondri- or chondro- combining form NL, fr. Gk chondr-, chondro-, fr. chondros grain, cartilage 1 : cartilage : cartilaginous and chondrectomy chondrify chondro-osseous chondrocele 2 : grain chondrite chondri- or chondrio- combining form G, fr. Gk chondrion small grain, dim. of chondros : grain : granular chondriosome chondriosomal chondriocont chondriome chor- or choro- combining form L, fr. Gk ch r-, ch ro-, fr. ch ros place, clear space akin to Gk ch ros left, bereaved : place : land chorepiscopus chorology chord- or chordo- combining form NL, fr. Gk, fr. chord gut, string : an anatomical cord: as a : vocal cord chorditis b : spinal cord chordotomy c : notochord Chordata -chord n combining form - partly fr. ME -corde in monacorde monochord , fr. MF, fr. LL -chordon, fr. Gk. fr. -chordos stringed, fr. chord string partly fr. ML -chordium in clavichordium clavichord , fr. L chorda string, fr. Gk chord 1 : musical instrument having such or so many strings lyrichord 2 : musical scale or interval of a specified extent hexachord -chord adj combining form LL -chordus, fr. Gk -chordos : having so many strings septichord -chore n combining form - Gk ch rein to withdraw, advance, go, spread akin to Gk ch ros left, bereaved : plant distributed by a specified means or agency zoochore -chorous adj combining form -chory n combining form choreo- also chore- or chorio- combining form choreo-, chore-, fr. F choréo-, choré-, fr. Gk choreia dance, fr. choros dance, place for dancing chorio-, alter. of choreo- : dance choreomania choreography chori- or chorio- combining form NL, fr. Gk chorio-, fr. chorion 1 : chorion : chorionic choriocarcinoma chorioma 2 : choroid : choroid and choriocele chorioretinal chori- combining form NL, fr. Gk ch ri, ch ris apart akin to Gk ch ros left, bereaved : separated : distinct choripetalous chorist- or choristo- combining form NL, fr. Gk ch ristos separable : separated : misplaced choristoblastoma choristoma christo- combining form, cap LGk, fr. Gk Christos : Christ Christocentric Christolatry Christocracy -chroia n combining form - NL, fr. Gk, fr. -chroos -chroous + -ia : coloration dyschroia : discoloration cyanochroia -chroic adj combining form Gk i-chroos -chroous + ISV -ic :erythrochroic chrom- or chromo- combining form F, fr. Gk chr ma color 1 : chromium chromammine chromoarsenate 2 a : color : colored chromidrosis chromometer b : pigment : pigmented chromocyte chromogen -chromasia n combining form - NL, fr. Gk chr mat-, chr ma color + NL -ia 1 : color achromasia 2 : stainability : colorability polychromasia chromat- or chromato- combining form Gk chr mat-, chr ma color 1 : color chromatology : colored chromatopsia 2 : chromatin chromatolysis -chrome n or adj combining form ML -chromat-, chroma colored thing, fr. Gk chr mat-, chr ma color 1 : colored thing : colored monochrome 2 : coloring matter endochrome -chromia n combining form - NL, fr. LGk -chr mia, fr. Gk -chr mos colored fr. chr ma color + -ia : state of pigmentation anisochromia -chromy n combining form Gk chr ma color + ISV -y prob. orig. formed as G -chromie : painting : coloring lithochromy stereochromy -chromy n combining form NL -chromia : -
11
-clast
chron- or chrono- combining form Gk, fr. chronos : time chronaxie chronogram -chronous adj combining form Gk -chronos, fr. chronos time : of such a time or period homeochronous isochronous -chroous adj combining form Gk -chroos, fr. chr s skin, color : -colored isochroous chrys- or chryso- combining form Gk, fr. chrysos gold : gold : golden : yellow chrysamine chrysophyll chyl- or chyli- or chylo- combining form F or NL, fr. Gk chyl-, chylo-, fr. chylos 1 : chyle chyluria chyliform chylocyst 2 : juice chylocauly -chylia n combining form - NL, fr. Gk, fr. chyl- + -ia : condition of having such chyle achylia -cidal adj combining form LL -cidalis, fr. L -cida + -alis -al 1 : killing : having power to kill filaricidal 2 : cutting loculicidal -cide n combining form - MF, fr. L -cida, fr. caedere to kill 1 : killer fratricide insecticide 2 MF, fr. L -cidium, fr. caedere : killing homicide suicide cili- or cilii- or cilio- combining form NL, fr. cilia 1 : ciliary body ciliotomy : ciliary body and cilioretinal 2 : cilia ciliferous ciliiform ciliograde cine- combining form cinema : motion picture cinecamera cinefilm cine-X ray cinnam- or cinnamo- combining form F, fr. L cinnamum 1 : cinnamon cinnamodendron 2 : cinnamic acid cinnamoyl cion- or ciono- combining form NL, fr. Gk kion-, kiono-, fr. kion-, ki n pillar, uvula 1 : uvula cionitis cionotomy 2 : pillar cionocranial circum- prefix OF or L OF, fr. L, fr. circum round about, fr. circus circle 1 adverbially : around : about : on all sides circumrotate circumgyration 2 prepositionally : around : surrounding circumbasal circumcorneal circumlunar : revolving around circumsolar 3 : circumscribed circumpolygon cirr- or cirri- or cirro- also cirrhi- or cirrho- combining form L cirrus curl 1 : cirrus of a plant or animal cirriferous cirrigrade 2 : cirrus cloud cirrostratus cirs- or cirso- combining form MF, fr. Gk kirs-, kirso-, fr. kirsos : swollen vein : varix cirsoid cirsotomy cis- prefix L, fr. cis 1 : on this side : on the nearer side often joined to second element with a hyphen cisalpine cis-Alleghany compare -, - 2 : nearer in time : since cisatomic citr- or citri- or citro- combining form NL, fr. Citrus 1 : citrus citropsis citriculture 2 a : citric acid citramide b : citrate citrochloride citra- prefix ML, fr. L citra : cis- citramontane opposed to ultraclad- or clado- combining form NL, fr. Gk klad-, klado-, fr. klados : slip : sprout cladanthous cladophyll -cladous adj combining form NL -cladus, fr. Gk -klados, fr. klados sprout, twig : branched acanthocladous -clase n combining form - F, fr. Gk klasis breaking, fr. klan to break : a mineral having a specified kind of cleavage clinoclase plagioclase -clasia n combining form - NL, fr. Gk klasis breaking fr. klan to break + NL -ia : breaking arthroclasia : breaking up hemoclasia -clasis n combining form, pl -clases NL, fr. Gk klasis : diaclasis -clasite n combining form - ISV -clase + -ite orig. formed as G -klasit : classico- combining form F, fr. classique 1 : classical : classical and classico-Lombardic 2 : the classics classicolatry -clast n combining form - ML -clastes, fr. MGk -klast s, fr. Gk klan to break 1 : one that breaks or destroys iconoclast biblioclast 2 G -klast, fr. ML -clastes : something that breaks or destroys esp : a tool for breaking cranioclast -clast n combining form - back-formation fr. -clastic : rock composed of fragmental material of a specified type pyroclast cataclast
-clastic
-clastic adj combining form -clast + -ic 1 a : breaking, destroying iconoclastic mythoclastic b : disintegrating proteoclastic 2 Gk klastos broken fr. klan to break + E -ic : curved anticlastic -clastic n combining form - : breaker : destroyer dendroclastic panclastic -clastic adj combining form ISV -clast fr. Gk klastos broken + -ic orig. formed as G -klastisch : composed of fragmental material of a specified type used in names of rocks cryptoclastic pyroclastic clavi- or clavo- combining form ML clavi-, fr. L, fr. clavis key 1 : key : keyboard clavichord clavilux 2 NL clavi-, clavo-, fr. L clavi- : clavicle : clavicular : clavicular and clavipectoral clavodeltoid clavi- combining form NL, fr. L, fr. clava perh. akin to L clavis : club Clavicornia claviform claviculo- combining form NL clavicula clavicle : clavicular and claviculohumeral -cle n suffix - ME, fr. OF, fr. L -culus, -cula, -culum : little one denticle corpuscle funicle -cular adj suffix cleid- or cleido- combining form NL, fr. Gk kleid-, kleido-, fr. kleid-, kleis key akin to L clavis key 1 a : clavicle : clavicular cleidagra b : clavicular and cleidoscapular 2 : key cleidomancy -cleisis or -clisis n combining form, pl -cleises or -clises NL, fr. GK kl isis, kleisis, fr. kleiein to close : closure : occlusion arthrocleisis enteroclisis cleist- or cleisto- also clist- or clisto- combining form G kleist-, kleisto-, fr. Gk kleistos akin to Gk kleis key : closed cleistocarp cleistogamy clerico- combining form LL clericus priest : clerical : clerical and clericopolitical clericofascist clin- or clino- combining form NL, fr. Gk klin-, klino-, fr. klin couch akin to Gk klinein to lean 1 : bed clinium clinoid 2 : lean : slant clinochlore clinometer 3 : decline clinology 4 clino- mineralogy : monoclinic -clinal adj or n combining form ISV -clin- fr. Gk -klin s leaning, fr. klinein to lean + -al 1 : sloping : slope centroclinal 2: matroclinal -cline n combining form - back-formation fr. -clinal 1 : slope anticline 2 : gradient : layer thermocline -clinic adj combining form ISV -clin- fr. Gk -klin s leaning, bending, fr. klinein to lean + -ic 1 : inclining : dipping isoclinic 2 : having a certain number of oblique intersections of the axes monoclinic triclinic 3 : matroclinic clinico- combining form clinical : clinical : clinical and clinicopathology -clinism n combining form - ISV -clin- fr. NL -clinus + -ism : the state of having the androecium and gynoecium in a single or different flower or two separate flowers diclinism -clinium n combining form, pl -clinia NL, fr. Gk klinion, dim. of klin couch more at - bot : receptacle anthoclinium -clinous adj combining form prob. fr. NL -clinus, fr. Gk klin couch more at - : having the androecium and gynoecium in a single or different flower or two separate flowers diclinous heteroclinous monoclinous -clinous adj combining form ISV -clin- fr. Gk -klin s leaning, bending, fr. klinein to lean + -ous : inherited from : having characteristics inherited from matroclinous patroclinous -cliny n combining form ISV -clinous + -y : fact or condition of having characteristics inherited from matrocliny -cnemia n combining form - NL, fr. F -cnémie, fr. Gk kn m shin + F -ie -y : -shinnedness platycnemia -cnemic adj combining form ISV -cnem- fr. Gk kn m shin + -ic prob. orig. formed as F -cnémique : -shinned platycnemic -cnemus n combining form NL, modif. of Gk. kn m shin : -legged one in generic names of animals Octacnemus cnid- or cnido- combining form NL, fr. cnida : cnida cnidosac cnidoglandular Cnidaria
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com-
co- prefix ME, fr. L, fr. com- akin to OE ge-, perfective, associative, and collective prefix, OHG gi-, ga-, Goth ga-, OIr com-, con- with, together, Alb k -, Gk koinos common 1 : with : together : joint : jointly : shared : mutual : mutually coexist coinheritance cosustain cooperate 2 : in or to the same degree coextensive coeval 3 a : fellow : partner coauthor co-worker b : having a usu. lesser share in duty or responsibility : alternate : deputy cochairman copilot 4 a : operating together or reciprocally coterm b : of the complement of an angle cosine codeclination cobalti- combining form cobalt : trivalent cobalt : cobaltic cobaltinitrite cobalto- combining form cobalt : bivalent cobalt : cobaltous...