4. How has war shaped Australia in the twentieth century?
Australia has been shaped through war since soldiers set to the First World War right up until the now with the war in Afghanistan. Aspects that made it controversial ideas from being a colony of Britain and the politics that came with it, development of treaties with other countries, social groups, and family honour. Being that Australia was apart of the British monarchy Australia sent many thousands of troops to fight for Britain during the First World War between 1914 and 1918. Thousands lost their lives at Gallipoli, on the Turkish coast and many more in France. Both Australian victories and losses on World War I battlefields contribute significantly to Australia's national identity. By war's end, over 60,000 Australians had died during the conflict and 160,000 were wounded, a high proportion of the 330,000 who had fought overseas. [1] By the time the Second World War came around Britain’s grip was not as tight but their image of being the mother country had was still in the background. But the war tactics had been slightly changed because the countries became more mobile with advancements in technology meaning that planes could fly further and we know this because of the Bombing of Darwin and Pearl Harbour. Submarine technology was perfected this is shown by the sinking of the Kuttabul in Sydney Harbour in 1942. In the Philippines Australian soldiers were under an American General MacArthur. Not long after the Second World War the cold war started and soon after the Vietnam War broke out by this time Australia was flowing the way of America granted that we still looked to England for advice on if they were doing it right. The Menzies Government despatched the first small contingent of Australian military training personnel to aid South Vietnam in 1962, so beginning Australia's decade long involve in the Vietnam War. Ngo Dinh Diem, the leader of the government in South Vietnam, had requested security assistance from the US and its allies. The Australian government supported the commitment as part of global effort to stem the spread of communism in Europe and Asia. [2] There were some people that were against the war in Vietnam but one stands out like poet A.D. Hope he writes “Linger not stranger, shed no tear; Go back to those who sent us here We are the young the drafted out To wars their Folly Brought about. Go tell those old men safe in bed. We took their orders and are dead” [3] This meant that as long as the leaders of the country was safe it didn’t matter what the soldiers were doing. During the height of the Cold War, the Australian “Communist Party (ACP) seemed to achieve the impossible. I in September 1949, at a time when the party was heavily besieged and almost completely isolated after its disastrous involvement in the 1949 coal strike, the readership of its biweekly national paper, Tribune, soared. A rapid increase of sales was reportedan extra two hundred per issue were required on the Sydney waterfront alone and the prospect of a Daily Tribune was once again seriously considered. The Reason for this curious anomaly was the intense interest generated by a Tribune 'exclusive'. It ran for twelve issues throughout August and September. It was billed simply as 'The Dobson Story'.” [4] This meant that to some at the time that to cold war and communism were in Australia already and that they for all they had done that they had failed because there was a political group

The development of treaties such as the Australia, New Zealand, United States Security Treaty (ANZUS) and the South East Asia Treaty Organization (SEATO), made it easier for Austral...

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