Civil Liberties | Freedoms guaranteed to individuals |
Civil rights | Powers or privileges guaranteed to individuals and protected from arbitrary removal at the hands of government or individuals. | Establishment clause | The first clause in the First Amendment, which prevents the government from interfering with the exercise of religion. | Free- exercise clause | the second clause of the 1st Amendment; prohibits the U.S. government from interfering with a citizen's right to practice his or her religion | Strict scrutiny | A standard used by the Supreme Court in deciding whether a law or policy is to be adjudged constitutional or not | Free-expression clause | The press and speech clauses of the 1st Amendment. | Prior restraint | Censorship before publication |

Clear and present danger test | a means by which the Supreme Court has distinguished between speech as the advocacy of ideas,...

1 1896 1920 1960s 1970 1st 2on achiev action actual adjudg adopt advocaci affect african amend american animos anoth ap arbitrari asid assert assum attaind base basi belief believ bill black boycott breach cannot carri censorship certain chanc charact citizen civil claus clear code commerci commit concept concern constitut contract contractor controversi could court crime cruelti custodi danger de deal decid declar desegreg design differ discrimin disobedi distinguish disturb doctrin due econom enact end ensur equal establish everi evid ex except exclusionari exercis express extent facil facto faith ferguson fight figur first forefront former free free-express freedom fro fund gain good govern government-impos great group guarante guilti hand harm hold idea illeg immedi impos in-custodi incit individu inflict influenc injuri intellig interf introduc invidi involv issu judici jure kept lase law lead legisl lesser liberti life made main make mass mean minor minority-own miranda mistak mistaken mlk mobil movement must nineteenth nonviol north notion number oblig obtain one opportun organ other outcom own parti particip peac peopl percentag person plessi polic polici poll post power practic present press prevent prior privileg prohibit promin pronounc proper protect protection protest provsion public purchas question race racial racism reason redistribut refus regard religion remov requir reserv restraint restrict result right role rule scrutini search second segreg seiz seizur separ set slave social societi sought south speech standard state statement status strict subject succeed superior suprem symbol tax tend term test thrust time trial u.s unconvent unjust use v vote warn warrant wealth whether white will wish without women word work