Introduction
The Great Proletarian Cultural Revolution was a ten-year political campaign which aimed at rekindling revolutionary fervour and purifying the party. After several national policy failures, especially the Great Leap Forward, Mao Zedong regained public prestige and control of the Communist Party of China (CCP). On 16 May, 1966, he announced that the Party and Chinese society were permeated with liberal bourgeois elements who meant to restore capitalism to China, and that said people could only be remover with post-revolutionary class struggle. Ideological cleansing began with attacks by young Red Guards on so-called "intellectuals" to remove "bourgeois" influences. The Red Guards purged the country, the military, urban workers, and the leaders of the CCP, until there remained no one politically dangerous to Mao. Although Mao declared the Cultural Revolution ended in 1969, the political intrigues continued until 1976 with the arrest of the Gang of Four. Even if Mao’s idea of launching the Cultural Revolution was a social political reform, its consequences resulted in a series of incalculable damage and lost. Therefore how to regard the Cultural Revolution is an important topic to analyse. Positive and Negative Effects of the Cultural Revolution

Although the Cultural Revolution largely bypassed the vast majority of the people who lived in rural areas, it had highly serious consequences for the Chinese economic system in short term. The political instability and the zigzags in economic policy produced slower economic growth and a decline in the capacity of the government to deliver goods and services. In addition, the Cultural Revolution also left more severe and long-term legacies. Chaotic social and political environments

Firstly, the ten years of the Cultural Revolution brought China’s education system to a virtual halt. Many intellectuals were sent to rural labour camps. These resulted in a serious generation gap among almost an entire generation who had been denied an education and had been taught to redress grievances by taking to the streets. Secondly, a forefront numerous internal power struggles within the Communist party was brought by the chaotic political environment. Members of different factions often fought on the streets, a...

16 17 1957 1965 1966 1967 1969 19691 1970 1975 1976 19767 1988 24 26.9 27 28 4.9 53.9 6.8 7.1 9 abil abolish abus academ accomplish accord accuraci accus achiev activ addit adjudg ador adult afterward agent agricultur aim akin allegi almost also although alway amend among analys ancient announc annual annual4 apart april arbitrari area arrest art artifact artifici aspect assassin assert assist atom attack authent author back barnouin base basic becam began behest benefit besid biggest bomb boost bourgeoi brief brink brought bureau burnt bypass call camp campaign cannot capac capit case catastroph caus ccp central centuri chairman chang chaotic check chengrui china chines circumst cite citizen civil claim class cleans cliqu close collaps come common communist complet conclus condit congress conscious consequ conserv consid consider construct contain contend continu contribut control corrupt could countri countrysid crimin critic crop cross cross-check cruelti cultur custom damag danger data death debat decad declar declin defens definit degre deliv demand deng deni despot destroy develop diabet dictat die differ difficulti director disast disclos distinguish diverg divis doctrin domest doubt drastic draw drop due eager earth econom economi educ effect effort egalitarian element emerg encourag end enemi enhanc entir environ especi estim ethnic even evid exagger exampl explos expuls extent extort fact faction failur fall famin farmland fervour figur first follow forc forefront form former formid forward fought found four fundament furthermor gain gang gao gap general generat genuin go goal godlik good govern grain great grievanc gross groups3 grow growth guard guid habit halt hand happen hastili head high histor histori historian hold howev hydrogen hysteria idea ideolog ignor imperialist import impos improv incalcul incom incorrect increas industri influenc inform inherit instabl institut intellectu interest intern intrigu introduct irregular jiabao june kill kuomintang labour larg launch leader leap least led left legaci legacy.11 lesson level li liber liu live long long-term lost love made main major mani mao maoism maoist mass may mean meant mechan medic medicin member mention might militari million minor misinterpret mistaken mobil mobo modern monasteri month monument motion movement much nation natur necessari negat never new nostalgia novemb nuclear number numer obtain obvious octob offici often old one oper order orthodoxi output overcom oversea overthrow ownership paralyz parent parliament8 parti particular party2 peopl per period permeat persecut person phillip place plenti pneumonia point polici polit politician popular populist posit possibl post post-revolutionari power predomin press prestig previous privat problem produc product project proletarian proper prove provinc public publish purg purifi question radic rate reactionari reason rebuild recov red redress reform regain regard rekindl relationship reliable5 religi remain remnant remov reput resign resolv respons restor result retrogress revisionist revolut revolutionari rubber rubber-stamp rural said satellit satisfi scab scandal scarifi scholar scienc second section seek sent seri serious servic session set sever shaoqi shift short side since1960s slavish slogan slower small so-cal social socialist societi socio socio-econom sophist speak stabl stagnat stamp stand state statist status status6 street strife structur struggl subject succeed success summar summaris surround sustain system take taught teach teacher technolog ten ten-year term test therefor thinker thought thus today topic tortur total tradit tragedi traitor transform treat trial true truli twentieth tyrann ultim unlik unnatur unpreced unrest unsatisfactori unwilling upgrad upheav urban use valu various vast view violenc virtual war water wen wherea wholesal widespread within without word work worker worship10 wrong xiaop year yet yield young yu zedong zigzag