HISTORY FINAL 2011

Immigration
- Literacy/IQ Test
- Immigration Restriction League 1894
Europeans
- Changed European language
Western Hemisphere
- Segregated schools
Asians
- Chinese Exclusion Act
- Tape vs Hurley
- United States vs. Wong Kim Ark
- Fong Tue Ting
- Horace Page
Themes
- Imperialism mindset
o White man’s burden
▪ Ex. Platt Amendment to Cuban Constitution ▪ John Hay Open Door Policy
• Trade but no immigration
▪ Philippines
• Howard Taft

Progressive Era
- Economic expansion and new goods
- Lived in cities
- Social inequality – middle class threatened
- Change of gender roles
- Ethnic neighborhoods
- Freedom to Consume
o Technology
o Women shopped more – standard of living
- Women
o Right to personality and personal independence
- Henry Ford
o Motel T
- American Federation of Labor
- Industrial Workers for the World
o Didn’t like exclusionary policies
o Workers control everything
- Immigrant uprisings
o Protests
▪ Formed ethnic unity
▪ Lawrence, Mass
▪ Strike against Colorado Fuel and Iron Company - Freedom of speech in protests
o Injunctions
- Feminist Alliance
o Hull House – house for poor
▪ Jane Addams started it
- Birth Control Movement
- Socialism – workers embrace socialism because meant public ownership of major industries o Land education and transportation
o Socialism peaking
▪ Free colleges, improved working conditions - State and Local Reform
o Samuel Jones – founded night schools and free kindergartens o Abraham Ruef – Governor of CA banned child labor - Robert M La Follette
o Wisconsin Idea
▪ State regulation for utilities
▪ Taxation of corporate wealth
▪ States adopted this ( now normal
- 17th amendment
o Senators chosen by popular vote
- National American Woman Suffrage Association
o Wanted to amend constitution because single state campaigns weren’t going anywhere - Muller vs. Oregon
o Louis D. Brandeis ( women were weaker and needed special attention because could bear children o He wrong ( Oregon gave maximum hours
- Franklin D. Roosevelt
o Square Deal
▪ Distinguished good and band corporations
▪ US Steel and Standard Oil Co. served public interest o Regulating
▪ Hepburn Act
• Gave Interstate Commerce Commission power to watch business railroad records ▪ Pure Food and Drug Act
▪ Meat Inspection Act
- Conservation
o John Muir – Sierra Club to preserve forests
o Gifford Pinchot – logging, mining, grazing public lands should be controlled ▪ Showed progressivism idea of control of nature - William Taft
o Ohio judge
o Antitrust Policy
▪ Supreme Court declared Standard Oil against Sherman Antitrust Act • Broke up into separate marketing groups - Election 1912 Woodrow Wilson elected
- Progressive Era Platform
o Women’s suffrage
o National labor and health legislation
o 8 hour days and “living wage”
o social insurance covering employment, medical care, and old age - Wilson and progressivim
o Underwood Tarrif
▪ Reduced duties on imports
▪ Imposed graduated income tax on richest 5% o Clayton Act
▪ Barred courts from issuing injections – changing right to strike o Keating-Owen Act
▪ Outlawed child labor
o Adamson Act
▪ 8 hour work day on railroads
o Warehouse Act
▪ Credit to farmers when stored crops in warehouses - Government involvement
o Panic of 1907
▪ Us needed to rely on private hands – JP Morgan helped banking o Federal Reserve System
▪ Regional bans
▪ Issued currency
▪ Influence interest rates – help economic growth o Federal Trade Commission
▪ Watched monopolistic practices
Themes
- Reform
- Government involvement
- Women’s rights
- Workers’ rights
- Consumer freedom, standard of living
- Hull house, buying things, contraceptives, freedom of body -

Foreign Affairs
- Farewell address – George Washington
o Stay out of foreign affairs
- John Winthrop – American exceptionalism
o America should be a good example
o In future: used this as an excuse
- Spread democratic belief
- Expansionalist impulse
- National identity
o No longer race or ethnicity
o Now freedom, constitution
- Panama Canal
o Restore order in area because wanted to establish canal o Gave Panama Canal independence so could establish canal - Wilson and Mexico
o Went in thinking we were welcome – going in for moral cause o Lesson: not as easy as anticipated to create stability outside US - Roosevelt Corollary to the Monroe Doctrine

o US has right to be international police power
- William Taft
o Dollar Diplomacy
▪ Spreading American ideas/beliefs through monetary involvement - Moral Imperialism
- WWI “The Great War”
o Split America
o 1914 proclaimed neutrality
o Arthur Zimmermann
▪ German foreign secretary
▪ Told Mexico to attack US
▪ US intervened
o Wilson declare war on Germany 1917
▪ “the world must be safe for democracy. It’s peace must be planted upon the tested foundation of political liberty” - 14 Points
o Self determination
o Freedom of seas
o Free trade
o...

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